Instalab ResearchThe connection between diabetes and disability is driven by multiple factors. Long-term complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, and kidney failure can cause reduced mobility, chronic pain, and impaired dexterity, all of which interfere with daily activities. In older adults, diabetes is linked to an earlier onset of disability and more years spent in a disabled state, even after accounting for reduced lifespan.
Mental health conditions also play an important role. Depression and anxiety disorders are more common in people with diabetes and can significantly increase the risk of disability. Studies show that individuals with diabetes and comorbid depression or anxiety have substantially higher disability rates than those without these mental health conditions.
Disability related to diabetes can have a serious impact on quality of life. In one recent study, more than half of people with type 1 diabetes and a significant proportion with type 2 diabetes reported having a disability. These individuals experienced more physical limitations and environmental challenges than those without a disability.
The economic impact is also considerable. U.S. data indicate that adults with diabetes are more likely to stop working, with the annual cost of diabetes-related disability estimated at over 9 billion dollars. Work disability is linked to both physical complications and mental health challenges.
Interestingly, a survey in the United Kingdom found that employees with diabetes who were officially registered as disabled did not necessarily have more sickness absence than other workers with diabetes, suggesting that workplace accommodations may help maintain productivity.
Whether diabetes qualifies as a legal disability depends on the jurisdiction and the severity of its effects on daily life. In many countries, diabetes is recognized under disability law if it substantially limits major life activities. This recognition can grant individuals access to workplace accommodations, disability benefits, and protection from discrimination.
Type 1 diabetes often qualifies due to the need for constant glucose monitoring and insulin administration. Type 2 diabetes may also qualify, particularly when complications cause significant limitations. However, the social perception of diabetes as a disability is inconsistent, which can affect access to resources.
While diabetes can lead to disability, the risk can be reduced with effective management. Early diagnosis, consistent blood sugar control, treatment of related conditions, and routine screening for complications are essential. Addressing modifiable risk factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and depression is particularly important. Evidence from a major Australian study shows that body mass index and cardiometabolic factors explain much of the disability risk associated with diabetes in older adults.
Diabetes can be considered a disability when it significantly affects daily functioning, but the outcome is not inevitable. By taking a proactive approach to management, addressing both physical and mental health, and using available support systems, many people with diabetes can maintain their independence and quality of life.
If you are living with diabetes or are at risk, regular monitoring is essential. An at-home test can help you check your blood sugar levels conveniently and catch potential problems early. We recommend speaking with your healthcare provider about which testing options are best for you.
